SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a mitochondria-targeted peptide that selectively accumulates in the inner mitochondrial membrane and interacts with cardiolipin, a phospholipid unique to that membrane. It is studied for its influence on mitochondrial electron transport chain organization, membrane potential stability, and reactive oxygen species modulation. Principal research areas include mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxidative stress response, and cellular energy homeostasis models. Supplied as a lyophilized research material for laboratory research applications.